Analysis of North Korea's living indicators of health and medical services for Reducing the Social Gap between North and South Korea
Title
Analysis of North Korea's living indicators of health and medical services for Reducing the Social Gap between North and South Korea
Alternative Author(s)
Cho, Sungeun
; Ryu, Jin-A
; Lee, Yo Han
; Kang, Mi-Jin
; Ahn, Kyung-su
; Ha, Shin
; Kim, Sujin
; Chang, Sung Hyun
; Choi, Minjae
; Lee, Eun Hae
; Sempungu, Joshua Kirabo
Keyword
North Korean health care
; Inter-Korean exchange and cooperation
; Korea Reunification
Publication Year
2022
Publisher
Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs
Abstract
Since Kim, Jong Un came to power, North Korea has been carrying out overall renovation, modernization and new construction of health and medical institutions while maintaining the broad framework of the existing socialist health care system. The trend of modernization and new construction of large-scale central medical institutions centered on Pyongyang has been progressing, and recently, such a trend is leading to the expansion of health and medical infrastructure in central cities and small cities in each province. Nevertheless, North Korea's medical services still has not improved significantly due to the lack of medicines and the poor environment of sick rooms. Above all, North Koreans' access to health care is becoming highly unequal, and in a situation where they prefer misuse of medicines based on individual choices and the use of folk remedies based on inaccurate medical knowledge rather than using official medical institutions, it is difficult for North Koreans to solve their health problems. As a result of the analysis, it was found that there was a significant gap in life expectancy between the two Koreas after the Arduous March, and this gap was largely contributed by the post-middle age and chronic diseases. In order for the current North Korea’s health care system to operate effectively, a significant level of public health finances must be invested, and for this, a complete reform of the North Korean national economic system is required. At the same time, it is necessary to reform the operating system to efficiently operate the vast health care organizations and systems that have already been built according to the characteristics of socialist medical care. South Korea and the international community should diplomatically present the environment and conditions under which North Korea can pursue economic reform and medical reform, and prepare to support it. Unlike the basic principle of preventive medicine advocated by North Korea, North Korea's health care system model is basically a so-called 'medical model' that aims to improve the health of residents only through health care. It is a situation where reforms are needed to focus more on the social determinants of health, and a health diplomacy strategy that allows North Korea to approach international health standards is required.
Table Of Contents
Abstract 1 요 약 3
제1장 서론 7 제1절 연구의 배경 및 목적 9 제2절 연구의 내용 및 방법 18
제2장 북한 보건의료 체계와 김정은 시대의 변화 23 제1절 들어가며 25 제2절 북한 보건의료 체계의 최근 현황 26 제3절 김정은 시대 북한 보건의료 관련법 수정과 함의 67 제4절 소결 78
제3장 북한 주민의 보건의료 접근성과 시장화 79 제1절 들어가며 81 제2절 북한주민의 보건의료 접근성 84 제3절 코로나19 확산 이후 방역과 의약품 수급 103 제4절 북한 주민들의 의료기관 이용 111 제5절 북한 가정의 일반 상비약 128 제6절 소결 147
제4장 남북한 건강 수준의 비교 149 제1절 들어가며 151 제2절 남북한 인구학적 특징 154 제3절 북한 주민의 건강에 대한 남북한 비교 163 제4절 소결 185