Income-excluded Groups, Their Social Capital and Policy Implications

Abstract

This article analyzed the status of income exclusion and social capital of the people who have experienced income exclusion. Income exclusion is examined in terms of current income, subjective class identification, and deprivation. The income exclusion experience rate was estimated to be 44% for the income-excluded groups 1 to 3 and 55.84% for the non-excluded group. The income-excluded group has a high rate of wanting to receive help from public institutions, 51% for Income-excluded Group 3 and 41% for Income-excluded Group 2. The percentage of those who felt they were a social minority was 38.85% for Income-excluded Group 3, which was more than three times higher than that the non-excluded group. In terms of experience of discrimination, belonging to a neglected group, and experience of receiving discriminatory remarks, the higher the experience of income exclusion, the higher the rate of experience of discrimination. The role of the public should be strengthened to minimize poverty and income-excluded groups, to overcome negative perceptions felt by excluded groups, and to promote happiness. In order to reduce the experience of discrimination by income-excluded groups, it is necessary to expand public human rights education and awareness-raising projects.