자활사업의 평가연구 - 정책설계와 정책효과 그리고 쟁점들

Abstract

본 연구는 근로빈곤층에게 근로 기회를 제공하고 빈곤을 탈출할 수 있는 제반 조건을 갖추는 데 정책 목표를 두고 있는 자활사업을 평가할 수 있는 다면적인 지표를 개발하고 자활사업의 세 주체(정부, 지역자활센터, 참여자)를 통합적으로 평가하여 자활사업이 지속적으로 발전하기 위한 정책적 제언을 하는 데 목적이 있음.

Many countries around the world have comprehensive minimum-income programs in place for able-bodied vulnerable groups. They take the form either of a last-resort safety net combined with primary income replacement benefits, or of an instrument for the reduction of poverty and social exclusion. Economic growth has contributed to raising people's quality of life, but it does not resolve all social problems. Despite greater prosperity, a substantial portion of the population continues to face such social risks as exclusion from work in prime age, isolation and limited self-sufficiency in old age, and the long-term poverty of lone parents. The way social policies were set up in the past provides a possible approach to income maintenance. Active social policies, moving away from the reactive, compensatory approach of the past, places greater emphasis to investing in people and giving them incentives to participate actively in the labour market, so as to help them become self-sufficient, autonomous members of society. Getting the jobless work and assisting the disadvantaged to acquire the skills to get higher pay are the best ways in which economic and social progress can be reconciled. The vicious cycle that goes from joblessness to loss of self-confidence, deteriorating skills, isolation, and exclusion, needs to be broken. To help young individuals overcome barriers to quality jobs, many countries introduce active social policies. Programme evaluations are, of course, conducted with the general aim of improving programmes. They may also be conducted with the intention of identifying the effects of a programme on society, or to allow decision-makers to arrive at an understanding of the programme's value. Until now, evaluation of self-sufficiency program (‘jahwal’) has been based on the outputs and performance of local private providers (‘local jahwal centers’). This study focuses on evaluation of the three actors (participants, providers, governments) as well as of the effectiveness, design, efficiency, and sustainability of self-sufficiency programs.