출산력 조사(1974~2012)를 활용한 한국의 출산력 변천과정 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 우리나라의 인구정책 발전 과정을 정리·분석하고, 기존 전국 출산력 조사자료의 재분석으로 기혼여성의 출산행태를 시계열적으로 분석하며, 기혼여성의 출산행태가 인구정책과 어떤 상호작용을 맺으며 변화하였는가를 분석하고자 한다. 따라서 인구변동에서 핵심적인 역할을 한 출산력 변천과정을 분석하여 향후 저출산정책의 방향 설정에 필요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.

This study was aimed at analyzing changes in the social-demographic characteristics, fertility rates, pregnancy and childbirth behavior, family values of ever-married women of childbearing age (15~49) using the time series on a database of national fertility and family health survey (1974~2012). We examined the development of population policy over the last fifty years in Korea through literature review. Also, we analyzed how the changes in childbirth behavior of married women changed with population policy the process of fertility transition which played a key role in demographic change, and tried to provide basic data necessary for establishing policy direction for the future. The findings from this study have policy implications as follows. First, it is necessary to strengthen publicity and education for positive changes in values of family and children. Second, there is a need for policy support to reduce the prevalence of pregnancy loss. Third, efforts are needed to narrow the gap between family values perceived by households and family values perceived by the government. Fourth, it is necessary to provide an effective incentive to resolve the issue of late marriage. Fifth, a comprehensive family policy should be developed focusing on specific target groups. Lastly, population policy must be pursued consistently and continuously. The authors are in hopes that further research attempts would be built on this research to provide solutions to the problem of low fertility.