여성 고용과 출산: 선행연구 동향과 과제 = Women's Employment and Childbirth: Recent trends and insight from previous researches
DC Field | Value |
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dc.contributor.author | 최선영 |
dc.contributor.author | 박종서 |
dc.contributor.author | 이지혜 |
dc.contributor.author | 김종훈 |
dc.coverage.temporal | 2022-09-01 - 2022-12-31 |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-06-29T07:15:27Z |
dc.date.available | 2023-06-29T07:15:27Z |
dc.date.issued | 2022 |
dc.identifier.isbn | 9788968279270 |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.kihasa.re.kr/handle/201002/42768 |
dc.description.abstract | 이 연구는 2000년 이후 한국의 여성 고용과 출산의 관계와 그 변화에 대한 정형화된 사실을 확인하고 향후 연구 과제를 도출하기 위한 것이다. 이 연구는 이미 국내에서 발표된 연구문헌에 대한 검토와 기초 통계자료 분석을 통해 이러한 작업을 수행하였다. 이 보고서는 연속된 두 보고서의 첫 번째 부분으로서, 출산율 변화의 인구학적 요인에 관한 연구, 그리고 여성의 결혼‧첫 출산 전후 고용이탈 및 고용지속 정도에 관한 연구, 여성 고용의 구조적 특성을 보여주는 성별 임금격차에 대한 연구, 그리고 일생활균형제도 및 보육제도의 변화과정과 이용현황 등에 초점을 맞추어 연구결과를 정리하고 소개한다. |
dc.description.abstract | (1) In the early 2000s, South Korea entered a state of ultra-low fertility, with a total fertility rate dropping below 1.3. Researchers argue that since 2015, there has been a change in the demographic factors contributing to the decline in the birth rate. Prior to 2015, the delay in the timing of childbirth had a greater impact on the decline in the total fertility rate than changes in the level of fertility. Even before the 2000s, the fertility rate for higher-order births (third child and above) had already declined to a very low level, leaving little room for further decline. This means that the trend of delayed marriage (delayed first childbirth) accelerated. Additionally, there was no significant change observed in the rate at which people who were already married had their first childbirth. However, since 2015, there has been a decline in the progression rate to first childbirth and a decrease in the transition to second childbearing, indicating a decline in the fertility rate among married women. Unlike the previous decline in the birth rate, the decline since 2015 demonstrates a significant weakening of the universality of childbirth within marriage, indicating that childbirth within and outside of marriage has both transitioned into the realm of choice. (2) Since the 2000s, the employment rate for women has generally increased, while the employment rate for men has declined, narrowing the gender employment gap (ages 15-64) to some extent. However, as of 2021, it remains very high at 18.8 percentage points. According to data from 2000 to the late 2010s, the first childbirth on average reduces women's employment probability by about 45%. Although employment rates have increased significantly before and until marriage or the first childbirth, labor force withdrawal following family formation remains widespread. However, the magnitude of the negative impact of the first childbirth on employment has decreased. The current focus is shifting from identifying the labor supply characteristics of women as a whole to understanding the impact of women's individual characteristics, labor market position, household characteristics, and other factors on labor supply. Despite fluctuations since 2000, the gender wage gap remains at a level exceeding 30%. Further research is needed to deepen the understanding of the relationship between employment structure and female labor supply. (3) Since the 2000s, there have been policy changes that directly impact the relationship between women's employment and childbirth. Considering the clear pattern of increasing employment rates for married women since the late 1980s, it can be said that the introduction of these policies was generally delayed. The level of coverage and support remains relatively low. However, there has been a trend of expanding the government's work-life balance support policies in recent years, and qualitative improvements are expected in the future. Additionally, since the 2000s, policies such as free childcare, paid parental leave, shortened working hours during childcare, and flexible work arrangements have emerged as important factors in women's labor supply and childbirth. |
dc.description.tableOfContents | Abstract 1 요 약 5 제1장 서론 7 제1절 연구 배경 및 목적 9 제2절 연구의 개요 14 제2장 출산율과 여성 고용의 변화 15 제1절 2000년대 이전 출산율과 여성 고용 17 제2절 2000년대 이후 저출산 심화와 인구학적 요인 25 제3절 2000년대 이후 여성 노동공급과 고용구조 변화 38 제3장 일생활균형과 아동돌봄 지원정책 67 제1절 일생활균형 지원정책과 이용현황 70 제2절 보육 제도와 이용현황 88 제4장 연구의 요약과 후속 과제 97 제1절 연구의 요약과 함의 99 제2절 후속 연구과제 101 참고문헌 103 |
dc.format | image/jpeg |
dc.format | application/pdf |
dc.format.extent | 119 |
dc.language | kor |
dc.publisher | 한국보건사회연구원 |
dc.publisher | Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs |
dc.rights | KOGL BY-NC-ND |
dc.rights.uri | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/kr/ |
dc.rights.uri | https://www.kogl.or.kr/info/licenseType4.do |
dc.title | 여성 고용과 출산: 선행연구 동향과 과제 |
dc.title.alternative | Women's Employment and Childbirth: Recent trends and insight from previous researches |
dc.type | Book |
dc.type.local | Report |
dc.subject.keyword | 여성 고용 |
dc.subject.keyword | 출산율 |
dc.subject.keyword | 일생활균형 정책 |
dc.subject.keyword | women’s employment |
dc.subject.keyword | fertility |
dc.subject.keyword | work-Life balance policy |
dc.contributor.alternativeName | Choi, Sunyoung |
dc.contributor.alternativeName | Park, Jongseo |
dc.contributor.alternativeName | Yi, Jihye |
dc.contributor.alternativeName | Kim, Jonghoon |
dc.type.other | 연구보고서 |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.23060/kihasa.b.2022.04 |
dc.identifier.localId | 연구보고서(수시) 2022-04 |
dc.identifier.localId | Research Monographs(Occasional) 2022-04 |
dc.citation.date | 2022 |
dc.citation.date | 2022 |
dc.citation.date | 2022 |
dc.date.dateaccepted | 2023-06-29T07:15:27Z |
dc.date.datesubmitted | 2023-06-29T07:15:27Z |
dc.type.research | 정책연구 |
dc.type.nkis | 수시연구보고서 |
dc.subject.nkisMain | J |
dc.subject.nkisMiddle | J1 |
dc.description.sponsorshipAwardNumber | P202200222_1_1 |
dc.type.project | 수시과제 |
dc.description.sponsorshipAwardTitle | [수시22-001-04]여성 고용과 출산: 선행연구 동향과 과제 |
dc.subject.kihasa | 인구변화 |
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