DSpace Community:https://repository.kihasa.re.kr/handle/201002/217702024-03-22T06:50:48Z2024-03-22T06:50:48Z기획의 글이상정https://repository.kihasa.re.kr/handle/201002/448542024-03-22T05:22:42Z2024-03-01T00:00:00Z제목: 기획의 글
저자: 이상정
초록: Older adults, children, and individuals with disabilities in Korea who could neither care for themselves nor be cared for within their families—for reasons such as family poverty, aging or disability in family members, or family breakups or conflicts—have in general been put under the protection of institutional care. Of late, however, with facility-based care criticized as against human rights, demands have been increasingly voiced for community-led care provision. Consequently, policy measures have been implemented to promote deinstitutionalization and integrated community care for older adults, children, and people with disabilities. However, as reliance on facility-based care remains significantly high, continued efforts are needed to further deinstitutionalize care and expand community-led care on the one hand and, on the other, to monitor and enhance the living conditions of older adults, children, and disabled people who live in residential facilities.
Older adults, children, and people with disabilities residing in residential facilities have been seen until now as objects of protection, with their human rights brought to public discussion and attention, but by and large as rights to protection, the right to food, clothing, and shelter, and to safety. However, living though they do under protection while in residential facilities, they have the right to live a life of freedom as subjects of their own lives. Enabling them to live as such requires the guarantee of their right to self-determination. These individuals must be given options and the right to make choices of their own accord across all the domains of their lives, including choices having to do with entry into and exit from residential care and with, as facility residents, whether or not to take part in certain programs and services.
In this issue of the Health and Welfare Forum we explore the current state of the safeguarding of the right to self-determination in residential care settings for older adults, children, and disabled people and discuss policy options for improvement in both policy and practice.2024-03-01T00:00:00Z거주시설에서의 인권과 자기결정권의 개념 및 적용 과제마한얼https://repository.kihasa.re.kr/handle/201002/448522024-03-22T00:37:07Z2024-03-01T00:00:00Z제목: 거주시설에서의 인권과 자기결정권의 개념 및 적용 과제
저자: 마한얼
초록: 인권은 인간의 취약성에서 비롯되며, 공동체의 합의를 바탕으로 보장된다. 거주시설은 취약성이 부각되는 이들의 인권을 더욱 두텁게 보호하려는 공동체의 합의를 실천하는 현장이라는 점에서 인권의 실현이 주된 목적이 되어야 한다. 그런데 인권은 개별 권리로 분절하거나, 개별 권리 사이에서 우열을 매길 수 없다(불가분성). 그리고 권리들 사이에서는 어느 권리이든 다른 권리들과 상호의존하고 있다는 특성이 있다(상호의존성, 상호관련성). 자기결정권 역시 인권의 특성인 불가분성과 상호의존성, 상호관련성을 지니므로 거주시설에서 보호를 위해 자기결정권을 제한할 수 없다. 반대로 자기결정권을 이유로 보호를 포기해서도 안 된다.
자기결정권이 전제하는 합리적이고 이성적인 인간을 구분하는 자의적인 경계는 거주시설 이용자를 구분하는 경계와 거의 일치한다는 점에서 거주시설 이용자에게 자기결정권은 입소하는 순간부터 맞닿는 근원적 문제이다. 거주시설은 이용자의 자기결정권 행사의 순간을 보장해야 할 뿐만 아니라 실질적으로 자기결정권을 행사하기 위한 전후의 충분한 정보 제공, 선택지와 여건의 마련, 자기실현을 위한 지원 등을 적극적으로 실천해야 한다. 종사자의 노동과 이용자의 인권이 충돌한다는 우려를 시민적 연대와 상호 협력의 관점으로 전환하는 인식의 변화가 뒷받침되어야 한다.; Human rights arise from human vulnerability. They are guaranteed through communal agreements. Residential care facilities must take as their main objective the realization of human rights, given they represent the locus where the communal agreement to reinforce the guarantee of human rights for those with salient vulnerabilities is translated into practice. Meanwhile, human rights cannot be separated into parts, nor can some of them be prioritized over the others. Also, they are interdependent and interrelated. The right to self-determination shares the indivisibility, interdependency, and interrelatedness of human rights. Such is the reason why no individual’s right to self-determination can be restricted on the grounds of the protection of that individual in a residential facility setting. Nor ought the protection of the individual be forsaken for the sake of safeguarding the right to self-determination.
Inasmuch as the line of demarcation that sets off those living in residential care facilities closely mirrors the arbitrary line defining the rational, reasoning agent that self-determination presupposes, the right to self-determination becomes a fundamental problem that the residents come to confront from the moment they are placed in these facilities. Residential care facilities must be committed to ensuring that their residents have not only chances to exercise their right to self-determination, but also options to choose from and sufficient contextual information based on which they can put their right to self-determination into action, as well as supporting them so that they can live in a self-actualizing way. Additionally, ways should be sought, through collaboration with civil society, to bring about changes in perspective toward conflicts of interest that arise involving the resident’s right to self-determination and the care worker’s roles.2024-03-01T00:00:00Z거주시설 노인의 인권 보장 현황 및 과제주보혜https://repository.kihasa.re.kr/handle/201002/448512024-03-22T00:30:40Z2024-03-01T00:00:00Z제목: 거주시설 노인의 인권 보장 현황 및 과제
저자: 주보혜
초록: 장기요양등급자가 입소하는 노인의료복지시설(노인요양원과 노인요양공동생활가정)은 일상생활과 질병 관리가 함께 이루어지는 공간적 특수성을 가진다. 요양시설에서 거주자의 존엄한 삶을 보장하기 위한 노력은 노인 인권 차원에서 지속적인 관심과 해결이 필요한 정책 과제이다. 이 글에서는 요양시설에 거주하는 노인의 존엄한 삶을 보장하기 위해 필수적 요소인 자기결정권 보장 실태와 요구 조사 결과를 살펴보고 자기결정권 보장을 위해 필요한 과제를 제안하였다. 조사는 요양시설 거주 노인에 대한 직접조사가 어려운 현실을 반영하여 시설장 대상 온라인 자기기입식으로 진행하였다. 조사표는 시설 운영 특성, 입소 생활에서의 자기결정권 보장, 가족과 지역사회 참여를 주요 주제로 구성하였다. 조사 결과를 바탕으로 요양시설에서 거주자가 자기결정적으로 생활할 수 있는 기반을 마련하는 방안을 논했다.; Elder care facilities such as nursing homes and elder group homes, where older adults assessed as needing long-term care live, bear spatial significance in that they are where their residents’ daily living takes place and disease management is administered in the same space. Ensuring that residents of long-term care facilities live a life of dignity is a policy challenge that requires continued attention and actions aimed at promoting the human rights of older adults. Drawing on the findings of a needs survey, this article examines the current state of the guarantee of self-determination in residential long-term care settings, an element essential to ensuring that the residents live a life of dignity. I also discuss what needs to be done to further guarantee the right to self-determination for older adults residing in long-term care facilities and ways to create conditions to enable them to live their lives in a self-determining way. The needs survey was conducted online with heads and directors of long-term care facilities and elder group homes, given the difficulties of administering a survey on residents themselves of these facilities. The questionnaire was structured around several themes, including the ‘characteristics of facility management’, ‘safeguarding of self-determination rights for facility residents’, and ‘family and community participation’.2024-03-01T00:00:00Z아동복지시설 보호아동 자기결정권 보장 현황과 개선 과제이상정https://repository.kihasa.re.kr/handle/201002/448502024-03-22T00:21:55Z2024-03-01T00:00:00Z제목: 아동복지시설 보호아동 자기결정권 보장 현황과 개선 과제
저자: 이상정
초록: 현재까지 보호아동은 보호의 대상으로만 여겨져 왔기 때문에 이들의 인권에 대한 사회적 관심은 주로 의식주의 보장, 신체적·정신적 건강과 안전 등과 관련된 보호권 관점에 머물러 있었다. 그러나 일반 아동과 마찬가지로 보호아동 또한 스스로의 삶의 주체로서 아동복지시설에 거주, 생활하는 동안 자유롭게 참여하고, 의견을 표명하며 주체적인 삶을 영위할 권리가 있으며, 이를 위해서는 자유권에 기반한 자기결정권의 보장이 필요하다.
이에 본 연구에서는 아동복지시설에서 생활하고 있는 보호아동의 자기결정권 보장 수준 현황을 파악하기 위해 보호 조치, 입소에서부터 보호종료까지 보호의 전 과정을 경험한 자립준비청년을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였다. 그 결과를 바탕으로 아동복지시설 거주 보호아동의 자기결정권 보장 수준을 높이기 위한 개선 과제를 제시하였다.; As children in foster care have to date been regarded solely as objects of protection, public attention toward their human rights has remained limited mostly to their right to protection, such as the right to food, clothing, and shelter, to physical and mental health, and to safety. However, as much as the subjects of their lives as other children are of theirs, these children, while living in foster care, must have the rights to live as the masters of their own lives, to engage in activities freely, and to express their thoughts. Ensuring these rights requires enabling the children in residential foster care to exercise their right to self-determination, which is fundamentally the right to freedom. This article presents the findings of a survey we conducted to assess the current state of safeguarding self-determination for children residing in child welfare facilities and discusses policy options for improvement. The survey involved youth in preparation for independent living who had firsthand experience with living in foster care all the way through from placement and entry into the system to exiting it.2024-03-01T00:00:00Z